租用香港云主机如何进行维护
租用香港云主机如何进行维护
云主机的优越性能和灵活性越来越受到企业和个人的青睐。在选择云主机时由于不可控的因素存在 如：网络延迟、黑客攻击等主机维护显得尤为重要。下面是一些租用香港云主机后进行维护的建议。
密钥登陆
在云主机上进行维护时规范的登陆方式可避免恶意攻击。建议采用密钥登陆方式代替传统的用户名和密码登陆方式。密钥登陆确保无法通过暴力破解等方式轻易登陆主机并远程管理。将您的公钥放置服务器上的~/.ssh/authorized_keys文件下即可实现密钥登陆。
IP封锁
通过封锁异常访问ip提高主机安全性。可以使用iptables实现对ip的封锁防止黑客攻击。例如指定禁止访问主机的ip地址段 192.168.1.100/24(该IP段下所有IP)的命令如下：
iptables －I INPUT -s 192.168.1.100/24 -j DROP
通过上述命令实现对源IP是192.168.1.100/24的所有数据包禁止访问。当然在实际应用过程中需要结合个人实际情况来设置有效的封锁策略。
查杀病毒
病毒、木马、僵尸网络等是常见恶意攻击方式故维护云主机时应不断查杀病毒。以下为ClamAV病毒扫描命令：
yum install clamav clamav-update -y
clamscan －r / (扫描根目录)
安装ClamAV后可通过clamscan指令查杀整个文件系统保证文件系统的安全同时加快建立安全体系的速度。
Selinux设置
针对云主机被非法人员攻击应该妥善设置Selinux。Selinux是一种强制访问控制的安全系统通过此设置可以最大限度防止非法人员实现攻击。在Centos下可采用以下方法设置SELinux模块：
setenforce 0
# 临时置于permissive模式；
echo "SELINUX=permissive" > /etc/selinux/config
# 永久置于permissive模式。
Selinux设置的是在保障安全性的前提下云主机有足够的可用性。
Conclusion
租用香港云主机的优势是显而易见的但是安全一直是云主机使用过程中的最大难题。本文介绍了云主机维护的几个方面以帮助企业和个人更好的维护他们的云主机。当然这些维护措施只是起到防范风险的作用所以我们应该根据自己或自己的企业的实际需求选择不同的云主机维护策略。
Maintaining Hong Kong's Cloud Host
The superior performance and flexibility of cloud hosts are becoming increasingly popular among businesses and individuals. When choosing a cloud host, maintenance is particularly important due to uncontrollable factors (such as network delay and hacker attacks). Below are some suggestions for maintaining a Hong Kong cloud host.
Key Login
When maintaining a cloud host, standardized login methods can prevent malicious attacks. It is suggested to use key login instead of the traditional username and password. Key login ensures that the host does not easily log in and remotely access the machine in order to enforce stronger security. You can place your public key under the server's ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file to implement a key login.
IP Blocking
Improving the security of your host is achieved by blocking unusual access IP addresses. IP blocking can be implemented using iptables to prevent hacker attacks. For example, the command to block a specified IP address range(192.168.1.100/24, which would be all of the IPs on the 192.168.1 network in the range 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.255) is as follows:
iptables －I INPUT -s 192.168.1.100/24 -j DROP
With the above command, all data packets from IP addresses of 192.168.1.100/24 are blocked from accessing the host. Of course, in actual applications, effective blocking policies need to be set based on personal circumstances.
Virus Scanning
Viruses, Trojans, and zombie networks are common malicious attack methods, so regular virus scanning is necessary when maintaining a host. The following are ClamAV virus scanning commands:
yum install clamav clamav-update -y
clamscan －r / (root directory scanning)
After installing ClamAV, the entire system can be scanned using the clamscan instruction ensuring the system's safety and speed of establishing security.
Selinux Settings
To prevent unauthorized personnel from attacking a cloud host, it is essential to configure Selinux settings, Selinux's mandatory access control security system. The following method is used to configure Selinux modules in Centos:
setenforce 0
# Temporary place in permissive mode;
echo "SELINUX=permissive" > /etc/selinux/config
# Permanently placed in permissive mode.
The Selinux settings ensure the cloud host has sufficient availability while maintaining security.
Conclusion
The advantages of renting a Hong Kong cloud host are obvious, but safety has always been the toughest issue when it comes to cloud use. This article presents several aspects of cloud host maintenance to better support businesses and individuals in maintaining their cloud hosts. However, these maintenance measures are only preventative measures, so it is important to select a suitable host maintenance strategy based on the specific requirements of your individual or business needs.
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