防火墙直路部署，上下行连接路由器操作步骤
两台FW的业务接口都工作在三层上下行分别连接路由器。FW与上下行路由器之间运行OSPF协议。现在希望两台FW以主备备份方式工作。正常情况下流量通过FW_A转发。当FW_A出现故障时流量通过FW_B转发保证业务不中断。
防火墙直路部署上下行连接路由器操作步骤
1、配置接口ip和安全区域
2、配置ospf路由
r1/r2/r3/r4/f1/f2开启ospf进程1将相连网段加入区域0
3、配置双机热备功能
3.1配置vgmp组监控上下行业务接口
//f1/f2
hrp track interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
hrp track interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
3.2配置根据vgmp状态调整ospf cost值功能配置这个命令后fw发布ospf路由时会判断自身是主用设备还是备用设备如果是主用设备fw会把学习到的路由直接发布出去如果是备用设备fw会增加cost值后再将路由发布出去这样上下行路由器在计算路由时就能将下一跳指向主用设备并把报文转发到主用设备上。
//f1/f2
hrp adjust ospf-cost enable
3.3 指定心跳口并启用双机热备功能
f1/f2
hrp interface g1/0/6 remote 10.10.0.1/2
hrp enable
4、配置安全策略
4.1 允许fw与上下行路由器交互ospf报文
//f1配置f2自动同步
security-policy
rule name 1
source-zone local
destination-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
service ospf
action permit
rule name 2
source-zone untrust
destination-zone local
service ospf
action permit
4.2 允许内网用户访问外网
rule name 3
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 10.3.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0
source-address 10.3.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit
验证和分析
1、检查fw1和fw2的ospf邻居建立关系
//f1
dis ospf peer brief
2022-02-16 00:14:41.880
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 11.11.11.11
Peer Statistic Information
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet1/0/0 3.3.3.3 Full
0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet1/0/1 1.1.1.1 Full
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Peer(s): 2
//f2
dis ospf peer brief
2022-02-16 00:18:02.950
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 22.22.22.22
Peer Statistic Information
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet1/0/0 4.4.4.4 Full
0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet1/0/1 2.2.2.2 Full
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Peer(s): 2
2、检查上下行路由器路由开销
[r3]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : OSPF
Destinations : 8 Routes : 8
OSPF routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 8 Routes : 8
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
5.5.5.5/32 OSPF 10 3 D 10.3.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.2.0.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 10.3.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.2.1.0/24 OSPF 10 4 D 10.3.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.3.1.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 34.1.1.4 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.3.3.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 34.1.1.4 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
12.1.1.0/24 OSPF 10 3 D 10.3.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
15.1.1.0/24 OSPF 10 3 D 10.3.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
25.1.1.0/24 OSPF 10 4 D 10.3.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
<r4>dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : OSPF
Destinations : 8 Routes : 8
OSPF routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 8 Routes : 8
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
5.5.5.5/32 OSPF 10 4 D 34.1.1.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.2.0.0/24 OSPF 10 3 D 34.1.1.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.2.1.0/24 OSPF 10 5 D 34.1.1.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.3.0.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 34.1.1.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.3.2.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 34.1.1.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
12.1.1.0/24 OSPF 10 4 D 34.1.1.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
15.1.1.0/24 OSPF 10 4 D 34.1.1.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
25.1.1.0/24 OSPF 10 5 D 34.1.1.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>
Destinations : 0 Routes : 0
可见经过r3访问r5开销小于r4r4的开销比r3大1这个1是因为从r4访问r5经过r3为什么不经过fw2呢因为经过fw2的开销太大了 。
dis ip routing-table protocol ospf | include 5.5.5.5
2022-02-16 00:38:09.180
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : OSPF
Destinations : 9 Routes : 9
OSPF routing table status : <Active>
Destinations : 9 Routes : 9
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
5.5.5.5/32 OSPF 10 65501 D 10.2.1.2 GigabitEthernet1/0/1
OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>
Destinations : 0 Routes : 0
如果fw1故障业务会被上下行路由器的路由信息引导到fw2上fw2上有同步过fw1的会话表项所以业务得以正常传输。
3、检查f1/f2的会话表项
HRP_M<f1>dis fire session table
2022-02-16 00:49:33.150
Current Total Sessions : 4
udp VPN: public --> public 10.10.0.2:16384 --> 10.10.0.1:18514
udp VPN: public --> public 10.10.0.1:49152 --> 10.10.0.2:18514
udp VPN: public --> public 10.10.0.2:49152 --> 10.10.0.1:18514
telnet VPN: public --> public 10.3.0.2:49804 --> 5.5.5.5:23
HRP_S<f2>dis fire sess table
2022-02-16 00:50:01.270
Current Total Sessions : 4
udp VPN: public --> public 10.10.0.1:49152 --> 10.10.0.2:18514
udp VPN: public --> public 10.10.0.2:49152 --> 10.10.0.1:18514
udp VPN: public --> public 10.10.0.1:16384 --> 10.10.0.2:18514
telnet VPN: public --> public Remote 10.3.0.2:49804 --> 5.5.5.5:23
HRP_S<f2>
可见表项是同步的。
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