怎么使用sqlalchemy-gbasedbt连接GBase?8s数据库

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测试环境：

• 操作系统：CentOS 7.9 64-bit

• 数据库版本：GBase8sV8.8_AEE_3.0.0_1，对应的CSDK版本为3.0.0_1

1，确认安装python3

确认已经安装python3和python3-devel

[root@localhosttest]#python3-VPython3.6.8

如果没有安装，建议使用yum install python3来安装。
升级pip的版本

[root@localhosttest]#python3-mpipinstall--upgrade--force-reinstallpipWARNING:Runningpipinstallwithrootprivilegesisgenerallynotagoodidea.Try`__main__.pyinstall--user`instead.CollectingpipDownloadingfiles.pythonhosted.org/packages/a4/6d/6463d49a933f547439d6b5b98b46af8742cc03ae83543e4d7688c2420f8b/pip-21.3.1-py3-none-any.whl(1.7MB)100%|████████████████████████████████|1.7MB235kB/sInstallingcollectedpackages:pipSuccessfullyinstalledpip-21.3.1[root@localhosttest]#pip3listWARNING:pipisbeinginvokedbyanoldscriptwrapper.Thiswillfailinafutureversionofpip.Pleaseseegithub/pypa/pip/issues/5599foradviceonfixingtheunderlyingissue.ToavoidthisproblemyoucaninvokePythonwith'-mpip'insteadofrunningpipdirectly.PackageVersion-----------------pip21.3.1setuptools39.2.0

2，安装GBase 8s数据库连接工具（CSDK）

解压到指定目录/opt下，生成/opt/gbase8s-odbc-driver目录

[root@localhosttest]#ll总用量35188-rw-r--r--.1rootroot360292373月1120:52GBase8s_3.0.0_1-Linux64-ODBC-Driver.tar.gz[root@localhosttest]#tar-zxfGBase8s_3.0.0_1-Linux64-ODBC-Driver.tar.gz-C/opt/[root@localhosttest]#cd/opt/[root@localhostopt]#ll总用量4drwxr-xr-x.20gbasedbtgbasedbt40963月1015:14gbasedrwxrwxr-x.9100110038812月132023gbase8s-odbc-driverdrwxr-xr-x.2rootroot610月312023rh

创建必须的环境变量，并使环境生效

exportGBASEDBTDIR=/opt/gbase8s-odbc-driverexportCSDK_HOME=/opt/gbase8s-odbc-driverexportPATH=$GBASEDBTDIR/bin:$PATHexportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$GBASEDBTDIR/lib:$GBASEDBTDIR/lib/cli:$GBASEDBTDIR/lib/esql:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

创建sqlhosts配置文件

[root@localhosttest]#vi/opt/gbase8s-odbc-driver/etc/sqlhosts[root@localhosttest]#more/opt/gbase8s-odbc-driver/etc/sqlhostsgbase01onsoctcpa02.gbasedbt9088

3，安装sqlalchemy-gbasedbt

3.1, 在线安装sqlalchemy-gbasedbt

确认python3、python3-devel和gcc均已经安装，CSDK也已经安装以及环境变量已经配置的情况下，可直连网络的情况下，可使用pip3 install sqlalchemy-gbasedbt直接安装

[root@localhosttest]#pip3installsqlalchemy-gbasedbtCollectingsqlalchemy-gbasedbtUsingcachedsqlalchemy_gbasedbt-0.2.4-py3-none-any.whl(10kB)CollectingDbtPyUsingcachedDbtPy-3.0.5.4.tar.gz(162kB)Preparingmetadata(setup.py)...doneRequirementalreadysatisfied:sqlalchemyin/usr/local/lib64/python3.6/site-packages(fromsqlalchemy-gbasedbt)(1.4.46)Requirementalreadysatisfied:greenlet!=0.4.17in/usr/local/lib64/python3.6/site-packages(fromsqlalchemy->sqlalchemy-gbasedbt)(2.0.2)Requirementalreadysatisfied:importlib-metadatain/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages(fromsqlalchemy->sqlalchemy-gbasedbt)(4.8.3)Requirementalreadysatisfied:typing-extensions>=3.6.4in/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages(fromimportlib-metadata->sqlalchemy->sqlalchemy-gbasedbt)(4.1.1)Requirementalreadysatisfied:zipp>=0.5in/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages(fromimportlib-metadata->sqlalchemy->sqlalchemy-gbasedbt)(3.6.0)Usinglegacy'setup.pyinstall'forDbtPy,sincepackage'wheel'isnotinstalled.Installingcollectedpackages:DbtPy,sqlalchemy-gbasedbtRunningsetup.pyinstallforDbtPy...doneSuccessfullyinstalledDbtPy-3.0.5.4sqlalchemy-gbasedbt-0.2.4

将同时安装依赖包：sqlalchemy、greenlet、importlib-metadata、typing-extensions、zipp和DbtPy，安装后的pip3列表如下：

[root@localhosttest]#pip3listPackageVersion--------------------------DbtPy3.0.5.4greenlet2.0.2importlib-metadata4.8.3pip21.3.1setuptools39.2.0SQLAlchemy1.4.46sqlalchemy-gbasedbt0.2.4typing_extensions4.1.1zipp3.6.0

4，编写测试Demo，执行测试

测试demo文件

#!/usr/bin/envpython3#Filename:testSqlalchemy_gbasedbtfromsqlalchemyimportMetaData,Table,Column,String,create_enginefromsqlalchemy.dialectsimportregistryfromsqlalchemy.ormimportsessionmakerfromsqlalchemy.ext.declarativeimportdeclarative_baseregistry.register("gbasedbt","sqlalchemy_gbasedbt.dbtdb","GBasedbtDialect")#创建对象的基类:Base=declarative_base()#定义User对象:classUser(Base):#表的名字:__tablename__='user'#表的结构:id=Column(String(20),primary_key=True)name=Column(String(20))#初始化数据库连接:#ConStr='gbasedbt://<username>:<password>@<hostname>:<portnumber>/<databasename>;SERVER=<servername>'ConStr='gbasedbt://gbasedbt:GBase123@a02.gbasedbt:9088/testdb;SERVER=gbase01;DB_LOCALE=zh.utf8;CLIENT_LOCALE=zh.utf8;DELIMIDENT=y'engine=create_engine(ConStr)#创建对象Base.metadata.create_all(engine)#创建DBSession类型:DBSession=sessionmaker(bind=engine)#创建session对象:session=DBSession()#创建新User对象:new_user=User(id='2',name='测试用户')#添加到session:session.add(new_user)#提交即保存到数据库:sessionmit()#关闭session:session.close()#创建Session:session=DBSession()#创建Query查询，filter是where条件，最后调用one()返回唯一行，如果调用all()则返回所有行:user=session.query(User).filter(User.id=='2').one()#打印类型和对象的name属性:print('type:',type(user))print('name:',user.name)#关闭Session:session.close()

测试结果：

[root@localhost test]# ./testSqlalchemy_gbasedbt.py
type: <class '__main__.User'>
name: 测试用户

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